Editing Federalism (section)

===Regional Tendencies===
====[[File:ArgentinaFederalist.png]] Argentinian Federalism====
====1813-1828====
Federalism in Argentina originated during the [[File:Sep.png]] [[w:Argentine_War_of_Independence|War of Independence]] in the [[w:Banda_Oriental|Banda Oriental]] (present-day Uruguay), where the caudillo [[File:Artigas.png]] [[Republicanism|José Artigas]], who began to gain fame for his campaign against the royalists with the support of the rural lowe-class, formed the Federalist Party and the [[w:Federal_League_(1815–1820)|League of Free Peoples]], an independent [[File:Confed.png]] [[Confederalism|confederation]] separate from the Directory. Artigas himself became its "Protector", following a [[File:RadLib.png]] [[Radicalism|radical]] and [[File:Ultraprogressivism.png]] [[Progressivism|progressive]] program for the time: advocating for [[File:LandReform.png]] [[Agrarian Socialism|agrarian reform]], [[File:Civlibert.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|civil and religious liberty]], the [[File:Abolitionism.png]] [[Abolitionism|abolition of slavery]], the election of each province's governor, and [[File:Protect.png]] [[protectionism]] to promote national industry. However, this project clashed with the [[File:ArgentinaUnitarian.png]] [[Centralism|Unitarians]] of Buenos Aires, who sought to secure their hegemony over all provincial autonomy. 

====1828-1852====
After defeating the Unitarians in the first civil war, Manuel Dorrego, a [[File:Pop.png]] [[Populism|populist]] and federalist, assumed the governorship of Buenos Aires, which at the time was the closest thing to leading the country. However, he was [[w:Decembrist_revolution_(Argentina)|deposed and executed by the Unitarians]], causing a national power vacuum and a second civil war. In this context, [[File:Manuel de Rosas.png]] [[Caudillismo|Juan Manuel de Rosas]] assumed the governorship of Buenos Aires after defeating the Unitarian forces. Rosas purged the federalists who wanted to continue with Artigas's [[File:ProgLib.png]] [[Progressivism#Progressive_Liberalism|liberal and progressive]] project, known as "Lomos Negros" or "Doctrinarians", and changed the Federalist Party's platform to a [[File:Conservative.png]] [[Conservatism|conservative]] one, [[File:Anti Constitutional.png]] rejecting the creation of a constitution and relying more on agreements with provincial caudillos.

====1852-1874====
In 1852, several federalist caudillos, headed by [[File:Urquiza.png]] [[Caudillismo|Justo José de Urquiza]], rebelled against Rosas because he ruled Argentina [[File:Auto.png]] [[Autocracy|autocratically]], continued to postpone the creation of a constitution, and refused to share the customs revenue from the port of Buenos Aires with the other provinces. This rebellion succeeded, and the federalists signed a federal [[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism|constitution]] and elected Urquiza as president. However, the Unitarians of Buenos Aires, led by [[File:Mitre1.png]] [[Caudillismo|Bartolomé Mitre]], rebelled against Urquiza and deposed him after the [[w:Battle of Pavón|Battle of Pavón]]. Despite their violent deposition, the federalists decided to maintain peace and engage in political and democratic activities. Many of them joined the [[File:Partido Autonomista Nacional.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|National Autonomist Party]], which governed Argentina from 1880 to 1916.