Editing National Agrarianism (section)

=== [[File:Natpop.png]]Savinkovism ===


Boris Savinkov was a Russian revolutionary and writer whose ideology combined elements of radical populism, individualism, and a form of proto-fascism. Initially a committed member of the [[File:Esers.png]] [[Agrarian Socialism|Social Revolutionary Party]], Savinkov became deeply disillusioned with both [[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism]] and the Bolsheviks' authoritarianism. He believed in the necessity of revolutionary violence as a means to overthrow autocratic regimes but rejected the collectivist and materialist dogma of Marxism. His vision was rooted in a strong sense of individual will and heroic action, which he saw as central to achieving revolutionary goals. Savinkov valued personal freedom and was skeptical of centralized power, even within revolutionary movements, which set him apart from the emerging Bolshevik state.

Savinkov's beliefs manifested in his advocacy for [[File:Terrorist.png]] Terrorism as a political tool during his time in the SR Combat Organization, where he helped orchestrate high-profile assassinations of Tsarist officials, such as Interior Minister Vyacheslav von Plehve. These actions exemplified his belief in the power of individual acts to inspire broader revolutionary change. Later, as he distanced himself from the Bolsheviks, Savinkov promoted a form of nationalist revolution aimed at defending Russia from external and internal threats, blending patriotic sentiment with his anti-Bolshevik stance. His later writings and actions, including his collaboration with anti-Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War, reflected a shift towards authoritarian tendencies, though he always emphasized the role of strong individual leaders over rigid ideologies. This synthesis of populism, nationalism, and authoritarianism foreshadowed some aspects of 20th-century fascist movements, though Savinkov remained primarily driven by his unique revolutionary ideals rather than a coherent political doctrine.


Savinkov admired Benito Mussolini, praising his nationalist and anti-Communist policies and meeting personally with him several times with the hope of gaining Italian support in his counter-revolutionary plots. Savinkov believed that [[File:Fash.png]] [[Fascism]] was fundamentally democratic as it derived its support from the Italian peasantry. In his final letter written two days before his death, Savinkov admitted that fascism was the most "psychologically and ideologically close" to his own views.