Editing National Conservatism (section)

=== [[File:Cball-Germany.png]] Germany [[File:Papen.png]] ===
[[File:AuthNatCon.png]] '''Franz von Papen''' was a German military officer and politician. He joined the military in 1898 and in 1914 was involved in the Mexican Revolution, trying to get the country into the German sphere of influence. During World War I, he was a military attaché and spymaster in Washington. Papen was also involved in the  Hindu-German conspiracy, aimed to cause pan-Indian rebellion against the British rule. Next, he returned to Germany and fought on the Western Front.

Even though he belonged to the [[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Centre Party]], he opposed its cooperation with [[File:Lassalle.png]] [[Classical Social Democracy|SPD]] and saw proclamation of Weimar Republic as an act of treason. During [[File:Commie.png]] [[Communism (Disambiguation)|communist uprising in the Ruhr,]] he led a [[File:Freikorps.png]] [[Stratocracy|Freikorps]] unit. Then, Papen re-entered politics, again as a member of Centre Party. He was a [[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism|monarchist]] and supported a restoration of the constitutional monarchy. Within his party, Papen represented a national-conservative wing of the party that rejected both [[File:Republicanismpix.png]] [[republicanism]] and the [[File:Cball-Germany.png]] [[Classical Social Democracy|Weimar]] [[Christian Democracy|coalition]]. He hoped to move party towards these positions. Papen himself was influential figure within the party, even being largest shareholder as well as member of editoral board of [[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] ''[[Mediacracy|Germania]]'' - one of the most important Catholic newspapers at the time.

He was a member of the Prussian Landtag from 1921 to 1928 and from 1930 to 1932. In 1925, Papen was one of the Centre deputies who voted together with [[File:DNVP.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|German National People's Party]] and [[File:DeutscheVolkspartei.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|German People's Party]] against the SPD-Centre coalition government. He was nearly expelled from the party for his voting in Landtag. During presidential elections in 1925, Papen supported DNVP's candidate - [[File:Hindenburg.png]] [[Illiberal Democracy|Paul von Hindenburg]]. Seven years later, Papen again voted for Hindenburg, aiming to unite the right. The same year, 1932, President appointed Papen as chancellor. As chancellor, Papen helped bring the [[File:Nazi.png]] [[Nazism|Nazis]] to power. After Hitler's rise to power, Papen became vice-chancellor. However, in 1934 Papen made Marburg speech critical of Hitler's government. Papen's office was attacked by the [[File:Waffen_SS.png]] [[Nazism|SS]] during Night of Long Knives, with his associates being shot. After that he resigned from his office. Next he was Ambassador to [[File:Cball-Austria.png]] [[Austrofascism|Austria]] (1934-1938) and Ambassador to [[File:Cball-Turkey.png]] [[Kemalism|Türkiye]] (1939-1944).

After the war, Papen was captured by [[File:Cball-USA.png]] [[American Model|American soldiers]] and forced to visit a concentration camp. He then went to [[File:Franco.png]] [[Francoism|Spain]] and was critical of [[File:Cball-Germany.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Federal Republic of Germany]]. Then, he praised the Schumann Plan and voiced his belief in unification of Western Europe. He died in Obersasbach in 1969.